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''Cirsium scariosum'' is a species of thistle known by the common names meadow thistle, elk thistle and dwarf thistle.〔(Calflora taxon report, University of California, ''Cirsium scariosum'' Nutt. Dwarf Thistle, elk thistle )〕 It is native to much of western North America from Alberta and British Columbia south to Baja California. There are also isolated populations on the Canadian Atlantic Coast, on the Mingan Archipelago in Québec.〔(Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map )〕〔(Flora of North America, Meadow or elk thistle, chardon écailleux, ''Cirsium scariosum'' Nuttall )〕 ''Cirsium scariosum'' is a variable species grows in a variety of habitat types. It is made up of several geographic races, most of which have been previously classified as species.〔(Flora of North America )〕 The races intergrade but their morphologies can also be quite different. This is generally a biennial or perennial herb. It takes three main forms, a stemless, flat rosette with a cluster of flower heads in the center, a mounding form with a short, erect stem, or a fully erect form reaching up to in height.〔 When there is a stem it is usually fleshy, ridged, and woolly in texture. The leaves are sharply toothed or cut into toothed lobes, lined with spines, and up to at their longest near the base of the plant. The inflorescence holds several flower heads, each up to 4 centimeters long and 5 cm wide. The flower head is lined with phyllaries which may have spines and teeth and filled with white to purple disc florets but no ray florets. The fruit is a compressed achene a few millimeters long topped with a pappus which may be 3 centimeters in length.〔 ;Varieties〔 *''Cirsium scariosum'' var. ''americanum'' - California, Colorado, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Wyoming, Baja California *''Cirsium scariosum'' var. ''citrinum'' - California, Baja California *''Cirsium scariosum'' var. ''coloradense'' - Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming *''Cirsium scariosum'' var. ''congdonii'' - California, Nevada *''Cirsium scariosum'' var. ''robustum'' - California, Oregon *''Cirsium scariosum'' var. ''scariosum'' - Quebec, Alberta, British Columbia, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming *''Cirsium scariosum'' var. ''thorneae'' - Utah, Nevada, Idaho, Colorado *''Cirsium scariosum'' var. ''toiyabense''- Nevada, Oregon, Idaho ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cirsium scariosum」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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